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</o:shapelayout></xml><![endif]--></head><body bgcolor="#FAFAFA" lang=EN-US link=blue vlink=purple><div class=WordSection1><div align=center><table class=MsoNormalTable border=0 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=0 width="100%" style='width:100.0%;background:#FAFAFA;border-collapse:collapse'><tr><td width="100%" valign=top style='width:100.0%;padding:7.5pt 7.5pt 7.5pt 7.5pt'><div align=center><table class=MsoNormalTable border=0 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=0 width=0 style='width:6.25in;border-collapse:collapse'><tr><td width=600 valign=top style='width:6.25in;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in'><div align=center><table class=MsoNormalTable border=0 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=0 width="100%" style='width:100.0%;border-collapse:collapse'><tr><td valign=top style='background:#FAFAFA;padding:6.75pt 0in 6.75pt 0in'><table class=MsoNormalTable border=0 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=0 width="100%" style='width:100.0%;border-collapse:collapse'><tr><td valign=top style='padding:6.75pt 0in 0in 0in'><table class=MsoNormalTable border=0 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=0 align=left width="100%" style='width:100.0%;border-collapse:collapse;margin-left:-2.25pt;margin-right:-2.25pt'><tr><td width=600 valign=top style='width:6.25in;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in'><table class=MsoNormalTable border=0 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=0 align=left width="100%" style='width:100.0%;border-collapse:collapse'><tr><td valign=top style='padding:0in 13.5pt 6.75pt 13.5pt'><p class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center;line-height:150%'><span style='font-size:9.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#656565'><a href="https://mailchi.mp/ias.edu/ias-public-presentation-by-professor-francesca-trivellato-sat-oct-31-at-2-pm-et-580782?e=b8f4de6097" target="_blank"><span style='color:#656565'>View this email in your browser</span></a> <o:p></o:p></span></p></td></tr></table></td></tr></table></td></tr></table></td></tr><tr><td valign=top style='background:white;padding:6.75pt 0in 0in 0in;background:cover;-ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%;background-size: cover;background-position-x:50%;background-position-y:50%' id=templateHeader><table class=MsoNormalTable border=0 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=0 width="100%" style='width:100.0%;border-collapse:collapse;min-width: 100%;-ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%'><tr><td valign=top style='padding:6.75pt 6.75pt 6.75pt 6.75pt;min-width: 100%;-ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%'><table class=MsoNormalTable border=0 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=0 align=left width="100%" style='width:100.0%;border-collapse:collapse;min-width: 100%;-ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%'><tr><td valign=top style='padding:0in 6.75pt 0in 6.75pt;-ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%'><p class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center'><img border=0 width=564 style='width:5.875in' id="_x0000_i1025" src="https://mcusercontent.com/fb0e62a61622f2e67d7e578a1/images/6d5f0c3b-bff4-4ecf-984a-7a50b546461a.png"><o:p></o:p></p></td></tr></table></td></tr></table><p class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p><table class=MsoNormalTable border=0 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=0 width="100%" style='width:100.0%;border-collapse:collapse;min-width: 100%;-ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%'><tr><td valign=top style='padding:6.75pt 0in 0in 0in;-ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%'><table class=MsoNormalTable border=0 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=0 align=left width="100%" style='width:100.0%;border-collapse:collapse;margin-left:-2.25pt;margin-right:-2.25pt;-ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%'><tr><td width=600 valign=top style='width:6.25in;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;-ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%'><table class=MsoNormalTable border=0 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=0 align=left width="100%" style='width:100.0%;border-collapse:collapse;max-width: 100%;min-width: 100%;-ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%'><tr><td valign=top style='padding:0in 13.5pt 6.75pt 13.5pt;-ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%;word-break:break-word'><p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:7.5pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:7.5pt;margin-left:0in;line-height:125%;-ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%'><em><b><span style='font-size:13.5pt;line-height:125%;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#005295'>Imitation Games</span></b></em><b><span style='font-size:13.5pt;line-height:125%;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#005295'><br><strong><span style='font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif'>Avi Wigderson, Herbert H. Maass Professor</span></strong><br><strong><span style='font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif'>School of Mathematics </span></strong></span></b><b><span style='font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#005295'><br><br><strong><span style='font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif'>Public Lecture</span></strong><br><strong><span style='font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif'>Thursday, May 6, 3:30 P.M. ET </span></strong><br><strong><span style='font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif'>Zoom</span></strong></span></b><span style='font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#005295'><br><br></span><span style='font-size:10.5pt;line-height:125%;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#005295'>One of Alan Turing's most influential papers is his 1950 <em><span style='font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif'>Computing machinery and intelligence</span></em>, in which he introduces the famous "Turing test" for probing the nature of <em><span style='font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif'>intelligence</span></em> by evaluating the abilities of machines to behave as humans. In this test, which he calls the "Imitation Game," a (human) referee has to distinguish between two (remote and separate) entities, a human and a computer, only by observing answers to a sequence of arbitrary questions to each entity. Mountains of words have been written on support, critique, variants of and experimentation with this idea and its value. It is not the purpose of this lecture to discuss this body of work.<br><br>Instead, this lecture will exposit, through examples from a surprisingly diverse array of settings, the remarkable power of this idea, as revealed in the past few decades of work in the theory of computation and discrete mathematics. Wigderson will discuss variations of the Imitation Game in which we change the nature of the referee, and of the objects to be distinguished, to yield analogs of the Turing test (often called "the simulation paradigm" or "computational indistinguishability" among others in different contexts). These new Imitation Games lead to novel, precise, and operative definitions of classical notions, including <em><span style='font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif'>secret, knowledge, privacy, randomness, proof, fairness,</span></em> and others. These definitions have in turn led to numerous results, applications, and understanding.<br><br>Some, among many consequences of this fundamental idea, are the foundations of cryptography (from online shopping to digital elections), the surprising discoveries on the power and limits of randomness, the recent influential notion of differential privacy, and breakthrough results on patterns in the prime numbers and navigation in networks. Central to each of these settings are computational and information theoretic limitations placed on the referee in the relevant Imitation Game.<br><br>This lecture will survey some of these developments and speculate on future uses of this paradigm in science and society, in a way which is hopefully accessible without any specific background knowledge. </span><span style='font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#005295'><o:p></o:p></span></p></td></tr></table></td></tr></table></td></tr></table><p class=MsoNormal><o:p></o:p></p></td></tr><tr><td valign=top style='border:none;border-bottom:solid #EAEAEA 1.5pt;background:white;padding:0in 0in 6.75pt 0in;background:cover;-ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%;background-size: cover;background-position-x:50%;background-position-y:50%' id=templateBody><table class=MsoNormalTable border=0 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=0 width="100%" style='width:100.0%;border-collapse:collapse;min-width: 100%;-ms-text-size-adjust: 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